Blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott): Chemical composition, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in two edible stages.
Schulz M, Seraglio SKT, Della Betta F, Nehring P, Valese AC, Daguer H, Gonzaga LV, Costa ACO, Fett R.
Food Res Int. 2019 Aug;122:627-634. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.01.034.

Antioxidant potential and phenolic profile of blackberry anthocyanin extract followed by human gut microbiota fermentation.
Gowd V, Bao T, Chen W.
Food Res Int. 2019 Jun;120:523-533. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.001.

Blackberries (Rubus sp.) and whole grain wheat flour in cookies: evaluation of phenolic compounds and technological properties.
Pereira APA, Clerici MTPS, Schmiele M, Pastore GM.
J Food Sci Technol. 2019 Mar;56(3):1445-1453. doi: 10.1007/s13197-019-03628-6

In vitro antioxidant activity and solar protection factor of blackberry and raspberry extracts in topical formulation.
Cefali LC, Franco JG, Nicolini GF, Ataide JA, Mazzola PG.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019 Apr;18(2):539-544. doi: 10.1111/jocd.12842.

Blackberry Extract Inhibits Telomerase Activity in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells.
Tatar M, Bagheri Z, Varedi M, Naghibalhossaini F.
Nutr Cancer. 2019;71(3):461-471. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1506491

Blackberry juice anthocyanidins limit cisplatin-induced renal pathophysiology in mice.
de Gomes MG, Del Fabbro L, Rossito Goes AT, Souza LC, Donato F, Boeira SP, Prigol M, Jesse CR.
Pathophysiology. 2019 Jun;26(2):137-143. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.04.004

Antithrombotic mechanism of polysaccharides in Blackberry (Rubus spp.) seeds.
Wang J, Lian P, Yu Q, Wei J, Kang W.
Food Nutr Res. 2017 Oct 3;61(1):1379862. doi: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1379862.

Blackberry (Rubus L.) belongs to the family of the Rosaceae and is an invasive, spinous, robust plant that tends to form foliage and that can be extended by 12 meters and height by 3 meters.
It is said to have originated in Armenia, but now it is widespread in Europe, North and South America, Asia, and Oceania.

There are numerous species, about 700, including  : Rubus idaeus, Rubus fructicosus, Rubus coreanus, Rubus suavissimus, Rubus occidentalis, Rubus ulmifolius, Rubus rosaefolius, Rubus idaeus, Rubus chingii, Rubus imperialis. Rubus chaemaemorus. Rubus niveus, Rubus parvifolius, Rubus armeniacus or Mora Himalayana, Rubus laciniatus

It blooms in late spring with small white flowers with 5 pinkish petals and in August the edible black berries appear, which have remarkable beneficial properties for health.

The polyphenols present in the pear have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties and the anthocyanins promising results on wound healing (1).

The intake of lemons triggers a process of gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation in the intestinal microbiota that shows an anti-diabetic potential thanks to the antioxidant power of polyphenolic compounds (2).

 Blackberry studies

References___________________________________________

(1) Anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of polyphenolic extracts from strawberry and blackberry fruits.  Van de Velde F, Esposito D, Grace MH, Pirovani ME, Lila MA.  Food Res Int. 2019 Jul;121:453-462. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.059

(2) Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of blackberry after gastrointestinal digestion and human gut microbiota fermentation.  Gowd V, Bao T, Wang L, Huang Y, Chen S, Zheng X, Cui S, Chen W.  Food Chem. 2018 Dec 15;269:618-627. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.020.

Sanguiin H6 is found in fruits. Tannin from Sanguisorba officinalis (burnet bloodwort), Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) and Rubus idaeus (raspberry) Sanguiin h6 belongs to the family of Biflavonoids and Polyflavonoids. These are organic compounds containing at least two flavan derivatives. www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB29526

Ellagic acid (EA) was inhibiting lung tumorigenesis induced by the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in A/J mice. In the present study, we observed that the inhibition of lung tumorigenesis was independent of the solvent used to purified EA. Pomegranate peels extract containing punicalagin (alpha and beta anomers) (10 g/kg diet) and oligomeric anthocyanins (6 g/kg diet) did not inhibit lung tumorigenesis. Raspberry extract (2x15 mg) containing sanguiin H6 and lambertianin D as well as oligomeric procyanidins (2x15 mg) inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity by about 30%. The same treatments inhibit TPA-stimulated hydroperoxide (HPx) production by about 30 and 70%. Raspberry ellagitannins and oligomeric procyanidins respectively inhibit TPA stimulated DNA synthesis by 42 and 26%. Our results su est that hydrolyzable and condensed tannins from various sources, which can inhibit the ODC, HPx, and DNA responses to TPA, might also inhibit the tumor-promoting activity of this agent. The results of this study show that EA and ellagitannins have different antitumorigenic and antipromoting activities. Antitumorigenic and antipromoting activities of ellagic acid, ellagitannins and oligomeric anthocyanin and procyanidin.
Castonguay A1, Gali H, Perchellet E, Gao X, Boukharta M, Jalbert G, Okuda T, Yoshida T, Hatano T, Perchellet J.