Thermal stability data of juglone from extracts of walnut (Juglans regia) green husk, and technologies used to concentrate juglone.
Caballero E, Soto C, Jara J.
Data Brief. 2019 May 30;25:104081. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104081.

A Comparative Review on the Extraction, Antioxidant Content and Antioxidant Potential of Different Parts of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Fruit and Tree.
Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Ostadrahimi A, Tabibiazar M, Amarowicz R.
Molecules. 2019 Jun 5;24(11). pii: E2133. doi: 10.3390/molecules24112133. Review.

The effect of walnut rolling training on hand function and corticospinal tract.
Jang SH, Kim TH, Lee HD.
Ann Transl Med. 2019 Apr;7(7):131. doi: 10.21037/atm.2019.02.35.

Mechanisms underlying the cardiometabolic protective effect of walnut consumption in obese people: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind, controlled inpatient physiology study.
Tuccinardi D, Farr OM, Upadhyay J, Oussaada SM, Klapa MI, Candela M, Rampelli S, Lehoux S, Lázaro I, Sala-Vila A, Brigidi P, Cummings RD, Mantzoros CS.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019 May 14. doi: 10.1111/dom.13773.

Daily walnut intake improves metabolic syndrome status and increases circulating adiponectin levels: randomized controlled crossover trial.
Hwang HJ, Liu Y, Kim HS, Lee H, Lim Y, Park H.
Nutr Res Pract. 2019 Apr;13(2):105-114. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.2.105.

Evaluation and Exploitation of Bioactive Compounds of Walnut, Juglans regia.
Croitoru A, Ficai D, Craciun L, Ficai A, Andronescu E.
Curr Pharm Des. 2019;25(2):119-131. doi: 10.2174/1381612825666190329150825.

Effect of a Walnut Diet on Office and 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Elderly Individuals.
Domènech M, Serra-Mir M, Roth I, Freitas-Simoes T, Valls-Pedret C, Cofán M, López A, Sala-Vila A, Calvo C, Rajaram S, Sabaté J, Ros E.
Hypertension. 2019 May;73(5):1049-1057. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12766.

Walnut phenolic extracts reduce telomere length and telomerase activity in a colon cancer stem cell model.
Shin PK, Zoh Y, Choi J, Kim MS, Kim Y, Choi SW.
Nutr Res Pract. 2019 Feb;13(1):58-63. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.1.58

Walnut oil improves spatial memory in rats and increases the expression of acid-sensing ion channel genes Asic2a and Asic4.
Wang LM, Yi Y, Yao YL, Feng G, Shu C, Wang HX, Zhang XF.
Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Nov 28;7(1):293-301. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.889

Comparative study of chemical compositions and antioxidant capacities of oils obtained from two species of walnut: Juglans regia and Juglans sigillata.
Gao P, Liu R, Jin Q, Wang X.
Food Chem. 2019 May 1;279:279-287. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.016

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernel extracts protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.
Sun Y, Qi G, Li D, Meng H, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Qi Y, Zhang X.
Rejuvenation Res. 2018 Nov 6. doi: 10.1089/rej.2018.2140

Potential immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of walnut Juglans regia vegetable oil against lead-mediated hepatic damage and their interaction with lipase activity in rats.
Soussi A, Gargouri M, El Feki A.
Environ Toxicol. 2018 Dec;33(12):1261-1271. doi: 10.1002/tox.22634.

Allergy

Component resolved diagnosis of walnut allergy in young children: Jug r 1 as a major walnut allergen.
Lee J, Jeong K, Jeon SA, Lee S.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2019 Jun 4. doi: 10.12932/AP-161118-0443

Walnut oral immunotherapy for desensitisation of walnut and additional tree nut allergies (Nut CRACKER): a single-centre, prospective cohort study.
Elizur A, Appel MY, Nachshon L, Levy MB, Epstein-Rigbi N, Pontoppidan B, Lidholm J, Goldberg MR.
Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2019 May;3(5):312-321. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30029-X.

Effects of thermal treatment on walnut detection and allergenicity.
Vencia W, Minale P, Migone L, Lazzara F, Vito G, Ferrari A, Razzuoli E.
J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Mar 30;99(5):2636-2640. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9428

Walnut (Juglans) is born from the Juglans plant that belongs to the Family of Juglandaceae.

The plant can reach 15 meters high and 8 meters wide.

Walnut has a significant presence of components beneficial for human health, including fats, vitamins and proteins, including :

• omega3 fats
• omega6 fats
• alpha-linoleic acid
• vitamin B1
• vitamin B2
• Vitamin B6
• vitamin E
• polyphenols

All these substances effectively combat the high levels of harmful LDL cholesterol and promote the proper performance of the cardiovascular system (1).

Recent studies in the US have found that a daily intake of 3-4 nuts contributes to the human body, about :

• 5 grams of fiber
• 250 mg potassium
• 70 mg calcium
• 90 mg magnesium
• 3.5 mg vitamin E
• 150 mg sodium

Which benefits not only the cardiovascular system, but also the immune system.

Walnut has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal activities due in large part to the significant content of alpha-tocopherol (a compound of vitamin E), flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins and steroids (2).

Walnuts are an excellent source of vitamin E and magnesium. People who consume 3 nuts take folate, beta-carotene, vitamin K, lutein, zeaxantine, phosphorus, copper, selenium, potassium and zinc for about 1000 kcal (3).

This animal study supports the hypothesis that daily consumption of walnuts could suppress the growth and survival of breast cancer (4).

However, care should be taken to purchase bleached walnuts, as chemicals may be used in the bleaching process.

The walnut, collected from the tree or from the ground, should only be cleaned with a toothbrush to remove any incrustations of soil or parts of the hull.

The hull is used as a natural black dye and as a hair dye.

Furniture is made from high-quality walnut wood.

Walnut studies

References______________________________________________________________

(1) Crossover study of diets enriched with virgin olive oil, walnuts or almonds. Effects on lipids and other cardiovascular risk markers.  Damasceno NR, Pérez-Heras A, Serra M, Cofán M, Sala-Vila A, Salas-Salvadó J, Ros E.  Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Jun;21 Suppl 1:S14-20. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.12.006.

(2) A Comparative Review on the Extraction, Antioxidant Content and Antioxidant Potential of Different Parts of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Fruit and Tree.  Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Ostadrahimi A, Tabibiazar M, Amarowicz R.  Molecules. 2019 Jun 5;24(11). pii: E2133. doi: 10.3390/molecules24112133. Review.

(3) Tree nuts and peanuts as components of a healthy diet.  King JC, Blumberg J, Ingwersen L, Jenab M, Tucker KL.  J Nutr. 2008 Sep;138(9):1736S-1740S.

(4) Dietary walnut altered gene expressions related to tumor growth, survival, and metastasis in breast cancer patients: a pilot clinical trial.  Hardman WE, Primerano DA, Legenza MT, Morgan J, Fan J, Denvir J.  Nutr Res. 2019 Jun;66:82-94. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.03.004.