What is Cocamidopropyl betaine

Cocamidopropyl betaine  is an amphoteric zwitterionic synthetic compound

What is it for?

It is a surfactant (removes dirt particles) used in cosmetics and body cleansers with antimicrobial function.

The objectives of this in vitro study were a) to determine the effects of the waiting period of chlorhexidine (CHX) rinsing after fluoride toothpaste use and b) to further determine the effect of the type of toothpaste surfactant [sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB)] on caries lesion remineralization associated with CHX rinsing. The absence of CHX as an adjunct to fluoride toothpastes led to greater remineralization of enamel lesions compared with the immediate use of CHX treatment for both SDS- and CAPB-toothpastes. CAPB-toothpastes indicated significantly greater remineralization than SDS-toothpastes, and can be suggested for patients at high risk of caries. A 30-minute waiting time for CHX treatment is recommended after brushing (1).

Safety

Repeated and prolonged use of surfactants can cause irritant as well as allergic contact dermatitis. This study reports the frequency of positive patch test results to surfactants tested on the North American Contact Dermatitis Group screening series including cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), amidoamine (AA), dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA), oleamidopropyl dimethylamine (OPD), and cocamide diethanolamide (CDEA), and correlations of positive reactions between CAPB and the other surfactants. This was a retrospective analysis of 10 877 patients patch tested between 2009 and 2014 to the surfactants CAPB, AA, DMAPA, OPD, and CDEA. Frequencies of positive reactions to these surfactants were calculated, and trends of reactivity between the surfactants analyzed. The OPD had the highest rate of positive patch reactions (2.3%) followed by DMAPA (1.7%), and CAPB (1.4%). The AA and CDEA had the lowest rate of positive reactions (0.8%). There was a high degree of overlap in positive patch tests between the surfactants. The CDEA was the least likely to coreact with another surfactant (2).

The degradation of the synthetic, amphoteric surfactant, cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) and its toxicity to the marine macroalga, Ulva lactuca, has been evaluated using several different physiological test end-points over different periods of exposure up to 120 h...These observations suggest that both CAPB and its metabolites are intrinsically toxic to U. lactuca. The findings of this study are discussed in terms of the environmental consequences of applying CAPB to control harmful algal blooms (3).

Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) and related amidopropyl betaines are zwitterions used mainly as surfactants in cosmetics. These cosmetic ingredients are similar in their chemistry, in particular with respect to the presence of 3,3-dimethylamino-propylamine (DMAPA) and fatty acid amidopropyl dimethylamine (amidoamine) impurities, which are known as sensitizers. The CIR Expert Panel concluded that because these ingredients present no other significant toxicity, when formulated to be nonsensitizing (which may be based on a quantitative risk assessment), these ingredients are safe for use as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration of this safety assessment (4).

Molecular Formula : C₁₉H₃₈N₂O₃

Molecular Weight : 342.524 g/mol

CAS : 86438-79-1  61789-40-0   4292-10-8

Synonyms :

• Lauroylamide propylbetaine
• EINECS 224-292-6
• Dimethyl(lauramidopropyl)betaine
• Lauroylaminopropyldimethylaminoacetate
• N-Laurylamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylbetaine
• 3-Lauroylamidopropyl betaine
• [3-(Lauroylamino)propyl]dimethylaminoacetic acid
• (3-(Lauroylamino)propyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid
• Cocoamphocarboxypropionate
• 1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-, inner salt
• Lauroylamidopropylbetaine
• 1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl- 3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-, hydroxide, inner salt
• (3-Laurylaminopropyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid, hydroxide, inner salt
• (3-Lauramidopropyl)dimethylbetaine
• N,N-Dimethyl-N-dodecanoylaminopropylbetaine
• 2-[(3-Dodecanamidopropyl)dimethylaminio]acetate
• N-(Dodecylamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium betaine
• 2-[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl-dimethylazaniumyl]acetate
• {[3-(Dodecanoylamino)propyl](dimethyl)ammonio}acetate
• (3-Laurylaminopropyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid, inner salt
• 1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-, hydroxide, inner salt
• N-(Carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-1-propanaminium Hydroxide Inner Salt
• Ammonium, (carboxymethyl)(3-lauramidopropyl)dimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt
• (Carboxymethyl)(3-lauramidopropyl)dimethylammonium Hydroxide Inner Salt
• 1-Propanaminium,N-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-, hydroxide, inner salt
• beta-Alanine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl)-, norcoco acyl derivs., disodium salts
• N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N-(2-(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl) beta-alanine, norcoco acyl derivs., disodium salts
• N-(Carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxococonut)amino)-1-propanam- inium hydroxide, inner salt
• N-(Carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-1-propanam- inium hydroxide, inner salt
• Quaternary ammonium compounds, (carboxymethyl)(3-cocoamidopropyl)dimethyl, hydroxides, inner salts