Citrus medica vulgaris fruit extract, commonly referred to as citron fruit extract, is derived from the fruit of the citron tree (Citrus medica vulgaris), a large citrus fruit known for its thick, bumpy rind and distinctive lemon-like aroma. The extract is valued for its wide range of potential therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, attributed to the diverse bioactive compounds present in the fruit.

Chemical Composition and Structure: The fruit extract of citron contains a variety of bioactive compounds, including:

• Flavonoids: Such as quercetin and hesperidin, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Citral: A key compound that provides the characteristic lemon scent and contributes to antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Limonene: Offers a citrusy aroma and has potential antioxidant properties.
• Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C): Provides antioxidant protection and supports collagen synthesis.
• Organic Acids: Including citric acid, which can contribute to its astringent properties.

The chemical structures of these compounds typically include aromatic rings, hydroxyl groups, and various functional groups, which are responsible for their biological activities.

Physical Properties:

• Appearance: Usually a yellow to amber liquid or powder, depending on the extraction process.
• Odor: Fresh, citrusy, and lemon-like, reflecting the fruit’s natural aroma.
• Density: Variable based on concentration and solvent used in extraction.
• Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol; may vary depending on the extraction method and formulation.

Production Process: The extraction of citron fruit involves several methods:

• Solvent Extraction: The fruit is treated with organic solvents to extract bioactive compounds. The solvent is then evaporated, leaving behind a concentrated extract.
• Cold Pressing: The fruit’s peel is mechanically pressed to release the essential oils and other compounds, which are then processed to obtain the extract.
• Steam Distillation: The fruit is subjected to steam to vaporize the essential oils, which are then condensed and collected.

Applications:

• Cosmetics: Incorporated into skincare products for its antioxidant, astringent, and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps in brightening the skin and improving texture.
• Dietary Supplements: Used for its potential health benefits, including its antioxidant properties and support for immune function.
• Perfumery: Added to fragrances for its fresh, lemon-like scent and natural aroma.
• Pharmaceuticals: Investigated for its therapeutic potential, including its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

Environmental and Safety Considerations:

• Environmental Impact: The production of citron fruit extract requires significant agricultural resources. Sustainable cultivation practices are important to minimize environmental impact and ensure the responsible use of natural resources.
• Safety: The extract is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used as directed. However, individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should conduct a patch test prior to extensive use to avoid potential adverse reactions. The extract should be used according to product instructions and kept away from the eyes.

INCI Functions:

• Skin Conditioning Agent: Enhances the skin's appearance and provides conditioning benefits.
• Antioxidant: Helps protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress.

CAS: 92346-90-2