Anthocyanin Profile of Elderberry Juice: A Natural-Based Bioactive Colouring Ingredient with Potential Food Application.
da Silva RFR, Barreira JCM, Heleno SA, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Ferreira ICFR.
Molecules. 2019 Jun 26;24(13). pii: E2359. doi: 10.3390/molecules24132359.

Beta-Glucan as Wall Material in Encapsulation of Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) Extract.
Sobieralska M, Kurek MA.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2019 Jun 7. doi: 10.1007/s11130-019-00741-x.

Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials.
Hawkins J, Baker C, Cherry L, Dunne E.
Complement Ther Med. 2019 Feb;42:361-365. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.12.004.

In vitro metabolism of elderberry juice polyphenols by lactic acid bacteria.
Ricci A, Cirlini M, Calani L, Bernini V, Neviani E, Del Rio D, Galaverna G, Lazzi C.
Food Chem. 2019 Mar 15;276:692-699. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.046.

Evaluation of Apricot, Bilberry, and Elderberry Pomace Constituents and Their Potential To Enhance the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Activity.
Waldbauer K, Seiringer G, Sykora C, Dirsch VM, Zehl M, Kopp B.
ACS Omega. 2018 Sep 30;3(9):10545-10553. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00638

A Comprehensive Study on the Biological Activity of Elderberry Extract and Cyanidin 3-O-Glucoside and Their Interactions with Membranes and Human Serum Albumin.
Strugała P, Loi S, Bażanów B, Kuropka P, Kucharska AZ, Włoch A, Gabrielska J.
Molecules. 2018 Oct 8;23(10). pii: E2566. doi: 10.3390/molecules23102566.

Concentration of Bioactive Compounds from Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) Juice by Nanofiltration Membranes.
Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Sicari V, Ursino C, Manfredi I, Conidi C, Figoli A, Cassano A.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2018 Dec;73(4):336-343. doi: 10.1007/s11130-018-0686-x.

Volatile profile of elderberry juice: Effect of lactic acid fermentation using L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus and L. casei strains.
Ricci A, Cirlini M, Levante A, Dall'Asta C, Galaverna G, Lazzi C.
Food Res Int. 2018 Mar;105:412-422. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.042.

Polyphenolic content, antiradical activity, stability and microbiological quality of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) extracts.
Pliszka B.
Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2017 Oct-Dec;16(4):393-401. doi: 10.17306/J.AFS.0523.

Elderberry berries are used as food supplements, in jams and jellies, cakes and liqueurs.

Phytochemical

The berries contain essential oils, free fatty acids, flavonoids and their glycosides, phenolic acids, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals (1).

Phenolic acids and flavonols, together with anthocyanins, are the main secondary elderberry metabolites. These non-anthocyanin phenolic components have good antioxidant potential both in vitro and in vivo due to their reducing properties (2).

Quercetin and sugar are also present at 65g / 100g. Sugar is mainly composed of fructose and glucose (3).

The main polyphenolic compounds are neo-chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin (4).

Elderberry studies

References_____________________________________

(1) Lee J, Finn CE. Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics in American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) and European elderberry (S. nigra) cultivars. J Sci Food Agric. 2007;87:2665–2675. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3029.

(2)  Dawidowicz AL, Wianowska D, Baraniak B (2006) The antioxidant properties of alcoholic extracts from Sambucus nigra L. (antioxidant properties of extracts). LWT-Food Sci Technol 39:308–315

(3) Veberic R., Jakopic J., Stampar F., Schmitzer V. European elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) rich in sugars, organic acids, anthocyanins and selected polyphenols. Food Chem. 2009;114:511–515. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.080.

(4) Lee J., Finn C.E. Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics in American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) and European elderberry (S. nigra) cultivars. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2007;87:2665–2675. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3029.