CI 28440 è un composto chimico, colorante diazoico nero inserito nella lista degli additivi alimentari europei come E151e nel Colour Index International come  CI 28440 .

E' anche  conosciuto come Brilliant Black PN, Brilliant Black BN,  Black PN.

Nome chimico: tetrasodium;4-acetamido-5-hydroxy-6-[[7-sulfonato-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]naphthalen-1-yl]diazenyl]naphthalene-1,7-disulfonate

A cosa serve e dove si usa

Cosmetica

Ingrediente cosmetico soggetto a restrizioni IV/53  come Voce pertinente negli allegati del regolamento europeo sui cosmetici n. 1223/2009. Sostanza o ingrediente segnalato: Tetrasodium 1-acetamido-2-hydroxy-3-(4-((4-sulphonatophenylazo)-7-sulphonato-1-naphthylazo))naphthalene-4,6-disulphonate

Sicurezza

Il problema legato ai coloranti azoici (monoazo o diazo) è la degradazione fotocatalitica che porta ad un'eventuale ossidazione ed alla successiva formazione di impurità come le ammine aromatiche alcune delle quali svolgono attività cancerogena (1).

Il gruppo di esperti scientifici sugli additivi alimentari ha rilevato che Brilliant Black BN è stato trovato positivo in un test del micronucleo e in un test Comet in vitro, ma è risultato negativo negli studi di cancerogenicità a lungo termine. Tuttavia è stata stabilita una DGA (Dose giornaliera ammissibile) di 5 mg/kg p.c./giorno (2).

Formula molecolare    C₂₈H₁₇N₅Na₄O₁₄S₄

CAS    2519-30-4

EC number    219-746-5

UNII    2WPR32U0CP

DTXSID2020183

Synonyms: 

• Brilliant black BN
• BRILLIANT BLACK 1
• BRILLIANT BLACK BN

• BLACK PN

• Food Black 1

• BLACK BN

  
  

Bibliografia_____________________________________________________________________

(1) Chung KT, Stevens SE Jr, Cerniglia CE. The reduction of azo dyes by the intestinal microflora. Crit Rev Microbiol. 1992;18(3):175-90. doi: 10.3109/10408419209114557.

Abstract. Azo dyes are widely used in the textile, printing, paper manufacturing, pharmaceutical, and food industries and also in research laboratories. When these compounds either inadvertently or by design enter the body through ingestion, they are metabolized to aromatic amines by intestinal microorganisms. Reductive enzymes in the liver can also catalyze the reductive cleavage of the azo linkage to produce aromatic amines. However, evidence indicates that the intestinal microbial azoreductase may be more important than the liver enzymes in azo reduction. In this article, we examine the significance of the capacity of intestinal bacteria to reduce azo dyes and the conditions of azo reduction. Many azo dyes, such as Acid Yellow, Amaranth, Azodisalicylate, Chicago Sky Blue, Congo Red, Direct Black 38, Direct Blue 6, Direct Blue 15, Direct Brown 95, Fast Yellow, Lithol Red, Methyl Orange, Methyl Red, Methyl Yellow, Naphthalene Fast Orange 2G, Neoprontosil, New Coccine, Orange II, Phenylazo-2-naphthol, Ponceau 3R, Ponceau SX, Red 2G, Red 10B, Salicylazosulphapyridine, Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine, and Trypan Blue, are included in this article. A wide variety of anaerobic bacteria isolated from caecal or fecal contents from experimental animals and humans have the ability to cleave the azo linkage(s) to produce aromatic amines. Azoreductase(s) catalyze these reactions and have been found to be oxygen sensitive and to require flavins for optimal activity. The azoreductase activity in a variety of intestinal preparations was affected by various dietary factors such as cellulose, proteins, fibers, antibiotics, or supplementation with live cultures of lactobacilli.

(2) EFSA  Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of Brilliant Black BN (E 151) as a food additive. doi 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1540