![]() | "Descrizione" by Whiz35 (11962 pt) | 2023-Dec-09 21:15 |
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Agaritina è una sostanza naturale, una molecola anfipatica (presenta sia un gruppo idrofobo che un gruppo idrofilo) e una genotossina che si trova in molti funghi di bosco della specie Agaricus, il fungo champignon ed in particolare in Agaricus blazei Murrill. È un derivato dell'idrazina ed è oggetto di ricerca per le sue potenziali implicazioni sulla salute.
Questo composto è un derivato dell'amminoacido glutammico e dell'ammina fenilidrazina.
Il procedimento di sintesi si svolge in diverse fasi:
L'agaritina si presenta in forma di polvere cristallina bianca o biancastra.
A cosa serve e dove si usa
Medicina
L'agaritina che è presente in Agaricus blazei induce moderatamente l'apoptosi nelle cellule leucemiche U937 (1), e può essere considerato un candidato interessante per lo sviluppo di medicine anti HIV (2). Anche i beta-glucani, una classe di fibre polisaccaridi, presenti in questi funghi appartenenti alla famiglia dei Basidiomiceti, hanno dimostrato di agire come immunostimolanti contro le cellule tumorali (3).
Per questo composto chimico sono stati selezionati gli studi più rilevanti con una sintesi dei loro contenuti:
Sinonimi:
Bibliografia__________________________________________________________
(1) Akiyama H, Endo M, Matsui T, Katsuda I, Emi N, Kawamoto Y, Koike T, Beppu H. Agaritine from Agaricus blazei Murrill induces apoptosis in the leukemic cell line U937. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 May;1810(5):519-25. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.02.010.
Endo M, Beppu H, Akiyama H, Wakamatsu K, Ito S, Kawamoto Y, Shimpo K, Sumiya T, Koike T, Matsui T. Agaritine purified from Agaricus blazei Murrill exerts anti-tumor activity against leukemic cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Jul;1800(7):669-73. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.03.016.
(2) Gao WN, Wei DQ, Li Y, Gao H, Xu WR, Li AX, Chou KC. Agaritine and its derivatives are potential inhibitors against HIV proteases. Med Chem. 2007 May;3(3):221-6. doi: 10.2174/157340607780620644.
Abstract. Agaritine, or beta-N-[gamma-L(+)-glutamyl]-4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine, is a Chinese herbal medicine, known having the antiviral and anticancer function. However, so far no reports whatsoever have been made for its potential as an anti-HIV agent. It was observed by docking experiments for more than 9,000 compounds extracted from various Chinese medicines that the compound agaritine distinguished itself from all the others in binding to the HIV protease with the most favorable free energy. Based on this, a series of derivatives were generated by modifying agaritine. It has been observed thru an extensive docking study that some of agaritine derivatives had markedly stronger binding interaction with the HIV protease than agaritine, suggesting that these derivatives might be good candidates for developing drugs for AIDS therapy.
(3) Bashir KMI, Choi JS. Clinical and Physiological Perspectives of β-Glucans: The Past, Present, and Future. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Sep 5;18(9):1906. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091906.
Abstract. β-Glucans are a group of biologically-active fibers or polysaccharides from natural sources with proven medical significance. β-Glucans are known to have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-allergic, anti-osteoporotic, and immunomodulating activities. β-Glucans are natural bioactive compounds and can be taken orally, as a food supplement, or as part of a daily diet, and are considered safe to use. The medical significance and efficiency of β-glucans are confirmed in vitro, as well as using animal- and human-based clinical studies. However, systematic study on the clinical and physiological significance of β-glucans is scarce. In this review, we not only discuss the clinical and physiological importance of β-glucans, we also compare their biological activities through the existing in vitro and animal-based in vivo studies. This review provides extensive data on the clinical study of β-glucans.
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