D-Mannose is a monosaccharide, a simple sugar, the natural C-2 epimer of glucose. It is present in many fruits and plants. It is extracted from larch cane and occurs as a white or almost white crystalline powder, sweet and bitter taste easily soluble in water and pyridine, slightly soluble in methanol and ethanol and 1g of mannose is soluble in 0.4ml of water.

What it is used for and where

Take only under medical supervision

Medical

D-Mannose is an effective non-antibiotic protection for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections, e.g. cystitis, and in particular against the uropathogenic Escherichia coli and other members of the Enterobacteriaceae family that promote infection through adhesion to urothelial cells and an early inflammatory response. The efficacy of D-Mannose is comparable to that of antibiotics, it is well tolerated and can give minimal side effects, including diarrhoea (1).

D-Mannose has been reported in relatively recent research to be an immune modulator (2).

Another interesting discovery attributed D-Mannose's chondroprotective effect on osteoarthritis by attenuating the sensitivity of chondrocytes to ferroptosis and alleviating the progression of osteoarthritis itself by suppressing cartilage degeneration (3).

Like all drugs it can cause side effects. Always ask the physician.

D-Mannose studies

Typical commercial product characteristics D-Mannose

• Molecular Formula  C₆H₁₂O₆
• Molecular Weight    180.16
• Exact Mass    180.063385
• CAS  3458-28-4    530-26-7
• UNII    PHA4727WTP
• EC Number   208-474-2
• DSSTox Substance ID  DTXSID5040463
• IUPAC  (3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
• InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5+,6?/m1/s1 
• InChl Key      WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N
• SMILES   C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)O
• MDL number  MFCD00064122
• PubChem Substance ID    
• ChEBI  4208
• ICSC    
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Synonyms:

• D-Mannopyranose
• D-Mannopyranoside

References_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Lenger SM, Bradley MS, Thomas DA, Bertolet MH, Lowder JL, Sutcliffe S. D-mannose vs other agents for recurrent urinary tract infection prevention in adult women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Aug;223(2):265.e1-265.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.048.

(2) Zhang D, Chia C, Jiao X, Jin W, Kasagi S, Wu R, Konkel JE, Nakatsukasa H, Zanvit P, Goldberg N, Chen Q, Sun L, Chen ZJ, Chen W. D-mannose induces regulatory T cells and suppresses immunopathology. Nat Med. 2017 Sep;23(9):1036-1045. doi: 10.1038/nm.4375.

(3) Zhou X, Zheng Y, Sun W, Zhang Z, Liu J, Yang W, Yuan W, Yi Y, Wang J, Liu J. D-mannose alleviates osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis in a HIF-2α-dependent manner. Cell Prolif. 2021 Nov;54(11):e13134. doi: 10.1111/cpr.13134.