Le destrine sono un gruppo di carboidrati che si ricavano dall'idrolisi dell'amido o del glicogeno (un polimero del glucosio) e, usualmente, da molte fonti di amido come le patate, il grano o il mais.
Più dell'85% delle sue molecole hanno una massa molecolare media di circa 20.000
Sono etichettate con il numero E1400 nella lista degli additivi alimentari come amidi.
Le destrine gialle vengono utilizzate dall'industria alimentare e farmaceutica come addensanti, stabilizzatori di schiuma, base dolcificante artificiale.
La destrina di grano è ampiamente utilizzata nell'industria alimentare per le sue caratteristiche di fibra solubile e per la sua buona consistenza dovuta ad una bassa viscosità quando è inserita ad alimenti morbidi, acqua o bevande.
Nelle formulazioni cosmetiche e farmaceutiche la destrina agisce come idratante ed agente legante per evitare che i vari componenti si disperdano o che perdano uniformità.
Formula molecolare: C18H32O16
Peso molecolare: 504.4 g/mol
CAS: 9004-53-9
UNII 2NX48Z0A9G
EC Number: 232-675-4
MDL number MFCD00081554
PubChem Substance ID 24893590
NACRES NA.25
Sinonimi:
- Fortodex
- Dextrid
- Nutriose
- Caloreen
- (3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
Compendio degli studi più significativi con riferimento a proprietà, assunzione, effetti.
Sumida R, Kishishita S, Yasuda A, Miyata M, Mizote A, Yamamoto T, Mitsuzumi H, Aga H, Yamamoto K, Kawai K. A novel dextrin produced by the enzymatic reaction of 6-α-glucosyltransferase Ⅱ: Practical advantages of the novel dextrin as a food modifier. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2021 Apr 29:zbab076. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbab076.
Yoplac I, Vargas L, Robert P, Hidalgo A. Characterization and antimicrobial activity of microencapsulated citral with dextrin by spray drying. Heliyon. 2021 Apr 6;7(4):e06737. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06737.
Emilien CH, Hsu WH, Hollis JH. The Effect of Soluble Fiber Dextrin on Subjective and Physiological Markers of Appetite: A Randomized Trial. Nutrients. 2020 Oct 30;12(11):3341. doi: 10.3390/nu12113341.
Hu Q, Lu Y, Hu F, He S, Xu X, Niu Y, Zhang H, Li X, Su Q. Resistant dextrin reduces obesity and attenuates adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat diet-fed mice. Int J Med Sci. 2020 Sep 20;17(17):2611-2621. doi: 10.7150/ijms.45723.
Mateo-Gallego R , Moreno-Indias I , Bea AM , Sánchez-Alcoholado L , Fumanal AJ , Quesada-Molina M , Prieto-Martín A , Gutiérrez-Repiso C , Civeira F , Tinahones FJ . An alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin modulates gut microbiome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity: a pilot study. Food Funct. 2021 Apr 21;12(8):3635-3646. doi: 10.1039/d0fo03160g.
Ferguson EL, Naseer S, Powell LC, Hardwicke J, Young FI, Zhu B, Liu Q, Song B, Thomas DW. Controlled release of dextrin-conjugated growth factors to support growth and differentiation of neural stem cells. Stem Cell Res. 2018 Dec;33:69-78. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.10.008.
Zhen Y, Zhang T, Jiang B, Chen J. Purification and Characterization of Resistant Dextrin. Foods. 2021 Jan 18;10(1):185. doi: 10.3390/foods10010185.
Pereira I, Pereira JE, Maltez L, Rodrigues A, Rodrigues C, Oliveira M, Silva DM, Caseiro AR, Prada J, Maurício AC, Santos JD, Gama M. Regeneration of critical-sized defects, in a goat model, using a dextrin-based hydrogel associated with granular synthetic bone substitute. Regen Biomater. 2020 Nov 28;8(1):rbaa036. doi: 10.1093/rb/rbaa036.
Phillips J, Venter JL, Atanasova M, Wesley-Smith J, Oosthuizen H, Emmambux MN, Du Toit EL, Focke WW. Dextrin Nanocomposites as Matrices for Solid Dosage Forms. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020 Apr 8;12(14):16969-16977. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c02061.
Silva-Carvalho R, Fidalgo J, Melo KR, Queiroz MF, Leal S, Rocha HA, Cruz T, Parpot P, Tomás AM, Gama M. Development of dextrin-amphotericin B formulations for the treatment of Leishmaniasis. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Jun 15;153:276-288. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.019.
Pan Y, Wu Z, Zhang B, Li XM, Meng R, Chen HQ, Jin ZY. Preparation and characterization of emulsion stabilized by octenyl succinic anhydride-modified dextrin for improving storage stability and curcumin encapsulation. Food Chem. 2019 Oct 1;294:326-332. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.053.
Chiron E, Varache M, Stokniene J, Thomas DW, Ferguson EL. A physicochemical assessment of the thermal stability of dextrin-colistin conjugates. Sci Rep. 2021 May 19;11(1):10600. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89946-2.
Kikusaki S, Takagi K, Shojima T, Saku K, Fukuda T, Oryoji A, Anegawa T, Fukumoto Y, Aoki H, Tanaka H. Prevention of postoperative intrapericardial adhesion by dextrin hydrogel. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan 8. doi: 10.1007/s11748-020-01581-2.
Yuan C, Zhan W, Cui B, Yu B, Liu P, Wu Z. Influence of two functional dextrins on the gel properties of kappa-carrageenan. Food Res Int. 2020 Dec;138(Pt A):109666. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109666.
Gawałek J, Domian E. Tapioca Dextrin as an Alternative Carrier in the Spray Drying of Fruit Juices-A Case Study of Chokeberry Powder. Foods. 2020 Aug 15;9(8):1125. doi: 10.3390/foods9081125.
