Sodium thiosulfate is an inorganic compound commonly used in various industries, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and water treatment. It is a sodium salt of thiosulfuric acid and is known for it ...
Sodium thiosulfate is an inorganic compound commonly used in various industries, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and water treatment. It is a sodium salt of thiosulfuric acid and is known for its reducing properties. Sodium thiosulfate is employed as a neutralizing agent, a detoxifying agent, and a stabilizer in a range of applications.
Chemical Composition and Structure
Components: Sodium thiosulfate is composed of sodium (Na), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O).
Chemical Formula: Na₂S₂O₃.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 158.11 g/mol.
Physical Properties
Appearance: Typically appears as a white, crystalline powder or granules.
Odor: Generally odorless or has a faint sulfurous odor.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
pH: Solutions are typically neutral to slightly alkaline.
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions; should be kept in a dry, cool place away from strong acids and oxidizing agents.
Production Process
Chemical Reaction: Sodium thiosulfate is produced through the reaction of sulfur dioxide with sodium hydroxide, or by the oxidation of thiosulfate salts.
Purification: The product is purified to remove impurities and ensure high quality.
Formulation: Incorporated into formulations as a stabilizer, detoxifier, or neutralizing agent.
Applications
Cosmetics: Used in skincare products to neutralize chlorine and other harsh chemicals. Also utilized in treatments for conditions like acne and psoriasis.
Pharmaceuticals: Employed as an antidote for cyanide poisoning and in various medicinal formulations.
Water Treatment: Applied in dechlorination processes to neutralize chlorine in water supplies.
Food: Generally not used in food applications, mainly confined to cosmetic and pharmaceutical uses.
Environmental and Safety Considerations
Sodium thiosulfate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals when applied according to established guidelines. It should be handled with care, as excessive exposure or incorrect use can lead to adverse effects. Proper storage is essential to maintain its effectiveness and prevent degradation. The compound should be sourced responsibly to minimize environmental impact.
INCI Functions:
Reducing agent. Ingredient that facilitates permanent hair waving by adjusting the pH to an optimal level.
Synonyms:
CAS: 7772-98-7 10102-17-7 EC number 231-867-5
Sodium Thiosulfate 
