In-depth studies on Lactose monohydrate include the latest studies on activity, compatibility with other chemical compounds, indications and contraindications.

Makraduli L, Makreski P, Goracinova K, Stefov S, Anevska M, Geskovski N. A Comparative Approach to Screen the Capability of Raman and Infrared (Mid- and Near-) Spectroscopy for Quantification of Low-Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Content Solid Dosage Forms: The Case of Alprazolam [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 9]. Appl Spectrosc. 2020;3702820905367. doi:10.1177/0003702820905367

Gajjar P, Styliari ID, Nguyen TTH, et al. 3D Characterisation of Dry Powder Inhaler Formulations: Developing X-ray Micro Computed Tomography Approaches [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 5]. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2020;S0939-6411(20)30054-0. doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.02.013

Rahman Z, Dharani S, Barakh Ali SF, Nutan MTH, Khan MA. Effects of Diluents on Physical and Chemical Stability of Phenytoin and Phenytoin Sodium. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2020;21(3):104. Published 2020 Mar 12. doi:10.1208/s12249-020-1639-x

Salústio PJ, Machado M, Nunes T, Sousa E Silva JP, Costa PC. Lactose monohydrate flow characterization using shear cell method [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 27]. Pharm Dev Technol. 2020;1–8. doi:10.1080/10837450.2020.1731531

McDonagh AF, Tajber L. Crystallo-co-spray drying as a new approach to manufacturing of drug/excipient agglomerates: Impact of processing on the properties of paracetamol and lactose mixtures. Int J Pharm. 2020;577:119051. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119051

Murphy EG, Regost NE, Roos YH, Fenelon MA. Powder and Reconstituted Properties of Commercial Infant and Follow-On Formulas. Foods. 2020;9(1):84. Published 2020 Jan 13. doi:10.3390/foods9010084

Veras KS, Fachel FNS, Pittol V, et al. Compatibility study of rosmarinic acid with excipients used in pharmaceutical solid dosage forms using thermal and non-thermal techniques. Saudi Pharm J. 2019;27(8):1138–1145. doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.010

Skelbæk-Pedersen AL, Vilhelmsen TK, Wallaert V, Rantanen J. Investigation of the effects of particle size on fragmentation during tableting. Int J Pharm. 2020;576:118985. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118985

Pazesh S, Persson AS, Alderborn G. Atypical compaction behaviour of disordered lactose explained by a shift in type of compact fracture pattern. Int J Pharm X. 2019;1:100037. Published 2019 Nov 8. doi:10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100037

Ribeiro AB, de Araújo CB, Silva LEV, et al. Hygiene protocols for the treatment of denture-related stomatitis: local and systemic parameters analysis - a randomized, double-blind trial protocol. Trials. 2019;20(1):661. Published 2019 Nov 29. doi:10.1186/s13063-019-3854-x

Della Bella A, Müller M, Danani A, Soldati L, Bettini R. Effect of Lactose Pseudopolymorphic Transition on the Aerosolization Performance of Drug/Carrier Mixtures. Pharmaceutics. 2019;11(11):576. Published 2019 Nov 4. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics11110576

Salústio PJ, Machado M, Nunes T, Sousa E Silva JP, Costa PC. Lactose monohydrate flow characterization using shear cell method [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 27]. Pharm Dev Technol. 2020;1–8. doi:10.1080/10837450.2020.1731531

Lactose monohydrate is a disaccharide sugar that is extracted from milk. 

Industrially it occurs in the form of a white crystalline powder or odourless white crystals containing galactose and glucose and, in the simple form of lactose, is found in a proportion of 2.5% to 3% in milk and is an isomer of sucrose.

What it is used for and where

Medicina e Farmaceutica

Artificial sweetener

It is commonly used as a binding excipient, filler binder and compression aid in pharmaceutical mixtures (1).

It is used in oral administration drugs as a spray-dried carrier (2).

Other uses

Biochemical research, adsorption chromatography.

For more information:

Lactose monohydrate studies

Typical commercial product characteristics Alpha-D-Lactose

• Molecular Formula   C₁₂H₂₄O₁₂      C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ · H₂O
• PMolecular Weight   360.31 g/mol
• Exact Mass   360.126770
• CAS: 5989-81-1
• UNII EWQ57Q8I5X
• EC Number: 600-087-0  611-913-4  613-418-9
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID2051421   DTXSID1052828
• MDL number MFCD00166994 
• PubChem Substance ID 329750222
• Beilstein/REAXYS Number 3768231
• NACRES NA.24 
• IUPAC  (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol;hydrate
• InChI=1S/C12H22O11.H2O/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17;/h3-20H,1-2H2;1H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+;/m1./s1  
• InChl Key      WSVLPVUVIUVCRA-KPKNDVKVSA-N
• SMILES   C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O.O
• MDL number  MFCD00150747
• PubChem Substance ID    57654326
• ChEBI  189432
• RXCUI       1305527
• NACRES   NA.25

Price 500mg €395

Synonyms: 

• Alpha-D-Lactose
• D-Lactose monohydrate
• β-D-Gal-(1→4)-D-Glc, 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose
• alpha-Lactose monohydrate
• Milk sugar, β-D-Gal-(1→4)-α-D-Glc

References_________________________________________

(1) Mukherjee R, Halder A, Sansare S, Naik S, Chaudhuri B. A Simplex Centroid Design to Quantify Triboelectric Charging in Pharmaceutical Mixtures [published online ahead of print, 2020 Feb 24]. J Pharm Sci. 2020;S0022-3549(20)30074-5. doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2020.02.001

(2) Parvataneni DM, Devraj R, Mangamoori LN. Micelles entrapped microparticles technology: a novel approach to resolve dissolution and bioavailability problems of poorly water soluble drugs. J Microencapsul. 2020;37(3):254–269. doi:10.1080/02652048.2020.1729883