Egypt

Egypt, officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in Asia. It borders Sudan to the south, Libya to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the north, and Israel and the Gaza Strip to the northeast. The Red Sea lies to the east. The capital is Cairo, one of the largest cities in the Arab world and Africa. Historically, Egypt is one of the oldest centers of civilization, with a history dating back over 5,000 years. Ancient Egyptian civilization is famous for its monuments, including pyramids, temples, and tombs, and for its significant contributions in fields such as mathematics, architecture, and medicine. Egypt was subsequently part of various empires, including Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Arab, Ottoman, and finally British, before gaining independence in 1922. The Egyptian economy is one of the largest and most diverse in the Middle East, with sectors including agriculture, industry, tourism and services. The Suez Canal is a vital source of revenue, being one of the most important waterways in the world. The population of Egypt is one of the largest in Africa and the Middle East, with a rich cultural diversity. The official language is Arabic, and most people follow Sunni Islam, with a significant Coptic Christian minority. Culturally, Egypt is known for its ancient history and monuments, its literature, cinema and music. The country has had a significant impact on Arab and Mediterranean culture. Geographically, Egypt is dominated by the Sahara Desert, with the exception of the narrow strip of fertile land along the Nile River, where most of the population is concentrated. The climate is generally arid and desert, with hot summers and mild winters. Population of Egypt from 2018 to 2020: 2018: Approximately 98 million inhabitants. 2019: Approximately 100 million inhabitants. 2020: Approximately 102 million inhabitants. Capital (Cairo): Population in 2020: About 20.4 million inhabitants. Top 10 cities by number of inhabitants in 2020: (Figures are approximate) Cairo: ~20.4 million Alexandria: ~5.2 million Giza: ~4.3 million Shubra El-Kheima: ~1.1 million Port Said: ~751,000 Suez: ~728,000 Luxor: ~506,000 El-Mahalla El-Kubra: ~535,000 Mansoura: ~960,000 Tanta: ~507,000 Egypt is divided into 27 governorates. Some governorates include: Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Aswan, Asyut, Beheira. GDP in millions of dollars from 2018 to 2020: 2018: About $250.9 billion. 2019: About $303.2 billion. 2020: About $363.1 billion. Public deficit in millions of dollars from 2018 to 2020: 2018-2020: Not available. % GDP/government debt ratio from 2018 to 2020: 2018-2020: Not available. Unemployment rate % from 2018 to 2020: 2018: Approximately 10.0%. 2019: Approximately 8.0%. 2020: Approximately 7.3%. Inflation Rate from 2018 to 2020: 2018: Around 20.9%. 2019: Approximately 13.9%. 2020: Around 5.7%.