Recensione

Bibliografia__________________________________________________________________________

Zeng B, Cai Z, Lalevée J, Yang Q, Lai H, Xiao P, Liu J, Xing F. Cytotoxic and cytocompatible comparison among seven photoinitiators-triggered polymers in different tissue cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2021 Apr;72:105103. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105103. Epub 2021 Jan 29. Erratum in: Toxicol In Vitro. 2022 Sep;83:105411. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105411. PMID: 33516932.

Kowalska A, Sokolowski J, Bociong K. The Photoinitiators Used in Resin Based Dental Composite-A Review and Future Perspectives. Polymers (Basel). 2021 Feb 2;13(3):470. doi: 10.3390/polym13030470.

Abstract. The presented paper concerns current knowledge of commercial and alternative photoinitiator systems used in dentistry. It discusses alternative and commercial photoinitiators and focuses on mechanisms of polymerization process, in vitro measurement methods and factors influencing the degree of conversion and hardness of dental resins. PubMed, Academia.edu, Google Scholar, Elsevier, ResearchGate and Mendeley, analysis from 1985 to 2020 were searched electronically with appropriate keywords. Over 60 articles were chosen based on relevance to this review. Dental light-cured composites are the most common filling used in dentistry, but every photoinitiator system requires proper light-curing system with suitable spectrum of light. Alternation of photoinitiator might cause changing the values of biomechanical properties such as: degree of conversion, hardness, biocompatibility. This review contains comparison of biomechanical properties of dental composites including different photosensitizers among other: camphorquinone, phenanthrenequinone, benzophenone and 1-phenyl-1,2 propanedione, trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, benzoyl peroxide. The major aim of this article was to point out alternative photoinitiators which would compensate the disadvantages of camphorquinone such as: yellow staining or poor biocompatibility and also would have mechanical properties as satisfactory as camphorquinone. Research showed there is not an adequate photoinitiator which can be as sufficient as camphorquinone (CQ), but alternative photosensitizers like: benzoyl germanium or novel acylphosphine oxide photoinitiators used synergistically with CQ are able to improve aesthetic properties and degree of conversion of dental resin.

Rudenko, Y., Kozlov, V., Burmistrov, D., Fedyakova, N., Bermeshev, M., & Chapala, P. (2025). Comprehensive investigation of phosphine oxide photoinitiators for vat photopolymerization. Progress in Additive Manufacturing, 1-14.

Abstract. Herein for the first time comprehensive analysis of commercial phosphine oxide-based photoinitiators was done for vat photopolymerization 3D printing resins. Resin accuracy, reactivity and cytotoxicity have been evaluated for the studied photoinitiators in different UV curable systems. Different methods for the accuracy assessment (pin hole, Dp) were used and it was shown that phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbezoyl)phosphine oxide (BAPO) possessed the highest x–y–z accuracy. It was shown that the increase of photoinitiator content in all cases resulted in the increase of accuracy and reactivity. The higher absorption value of a photoinitiator at a wavelength resulted in a higher reactivity and higher accuracy of corresponding VPP resin. It has been also estimated that for all studied samples, HSF cell viability was higher than 90%. Cell nuclei area and cell size have been also investigated in for the studied resins to evaluate the performance of photoinitiators after incubation with resin extracts and 3D printed parts. Newly developed 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl bis(4-methylphenyl)phosphine oxide (TMO) photoinitiator is considered as a more biocompatible alternative to the widely used 2,4,6-trimethylbezoyldiphenylphosphine oxide (TPO).