Description

Cymbopogon nardus, commonly known as citronella, is a tropical grass whose herb extract is utilized for its aromatic and potential therapeutic properties. The extract is obtained from the leaves and stems of the Cymbopogon nardus plant and is often used in personal care products, aromatherapy, and various household applications due to its distinctive citrus scent.

Chemical Composition and Structure

Key Components:
Citronellal: The primary component responsible for the characteristic lemon-like scent of citronella.
Geraniol: A monoterpenoid alcohol that contributes to the sweet, floral note and may possess antimicrobial properties.
Limonene: Adds a citrusy aroma and can have antioxidant properties.
Cymbopogonol: Specific to Cymbopogon nardus, contributing to the unique fragrance profile.
Other Terpenes: Includes small amounts of β-caryophyllene and other terpenes which enhance the overall aroma and potential benefits.

Structure:
The extract predominantly consists of terpenes and terpene alcohols. Citronellal has the chemical formula C10H16O and is a key component in defining the extract’s properties.

Physical Properties

Appearance: Light yellow to amber-colored liquid.
Odor: Strong, fresh, citrus-like aroma with earthy undertones.
Texture: Lightweight and non-greasy.
Solubility: Insoluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents and oils.

Production Process

Harvesting:
Source: Leaves and stems of Cymbopogon nardus are collected.
Preparation: The plant material is cleaned and prepared for extraction.

Extraction:
Method: Typically, steam distillation is used to extract the essential oil from the plant material.
Process: Steam passes through the plant material, causing the essential oil to vaporize. The vapor is then condensed back into liquid form.

Purification:
Filtration: The extract is filtered to remove any residual plant particles.
Quality Control: Ensures the extract meets purity and efficacy standards.

Applications

Cosmetics: Used in skincare products for its fragrance and potential antimicrobial properties. Common in lotions, creams, and serums.
Personal Care Products: Included in shampoos, conditioners, and deodorants for its scent and potential skin benefits.
Aromatherapy: Employed in diffusers and as a component in essential oil blends for its uplifting and refreshing scent.
Household Products: Found in insect repellents, air fresheners, and cleaning products due to its strong scent and antibacterial properties.

Safety

Cymbopogon nardus herb extract is generally regarded as safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used as directed. However, individuals with sensitive skin or those allergic to citrus or herbal extracts should exercise caution.

Environmental and Safety Considerations

Sustainability: Harvesting practices should be managed to ensure the sustainability of Cymbopogon nardus populations.
Regulatory Compliance: The extract must adhere to cosmetic and personal care product regulations for safety and efficacy.
Quality Assurance: Regular testing is required to maintain the purity and effectiveness of the extract.

INCI


Perfuming. Unlike fragrance, which can also contain slightly less pleasant or characteristic odours, the term perfume indicates only very pleasant fragrances. Used for perfumes and aromatic raw materials.
Synonyms:

CAS: 8000-29-1 89998-15-2 EC number 289-753-6 289-753-6