Description

Cananga odorata var. macrophylla, commonly referred to as the Large-leaved Ylang-Ylang or simply Macrophylla Ylang-Ylang, is a variant of the Ylang-Ylang tree known for its larger leaves compared to the typical Cananga odorata. Native to tropical regions in Southeast Asia, this variant is appreciated for its aromatic flowers and large foliage. It is primarily cultivated for its essential oil and ornamental value.

Botanical Classification:

Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Laurales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Cananga
Species: Cananga odorata
Variety: Macrophylla

Plant Characteristics: Cananga odorata var. macrophylla is characterized by:

Flowers: Similar to other varieties of Ylang-Ylang, the flowers are star-shaped and aromatic. They are typically yellow, but can also appear greenish or pinkish. They exude a sweet, floral fragrance and bloom throughout the year in tropical climates.
Leaves: This variety is distinguished by its larger leaves, which are glossy, dark green, and elliptical to lanceolate in shape. The leaves have a smooth, leathery texture and are arranged alternately along the branches.
Growth Habit: The Large-leaved Ylang-Ylang is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 15-20 meters (50-65 feet) in height. It has a dense, rounded canopy and a broad, spreading crown.
Fruit: The fruit is a small, dark berry containing seeds. While not as prominently used as the flowers, it can be found on the tree.
Soil and Light: Prefers well-drained, fertile soils and thrives in full sunlight to partial shade. It is adapted to tropical and subtropical environments.

Chemical Composition and Structure: The chemical composition of Cananga odorata var. macrophylla includes:

Essential Oils: The essential oil derived from this variety contains similar compounds to those in the typical Ylang-Ylang, including linalool, geranyl acetate, benzyl acetate, and caryophyllene. These compounds contribute to its aromatic and potential therapeutic properties.
Alkaloids: Minor alkaloids present in the plant may have effects used in traditional medicine.
Flavonoids and Tannins: The large leaves and flowers contain flavonoids and tannins that may offer antioxidant benefits.

Uses and Benefits:

Perfumery: The essential oil from Cananga odorata var. macrophylla is used in perfumery for its rich, exotic fragrance, similar to the typical Ylang-Ylang. It is a key ingredient in many high-end perfumes and scented products.
Aromatherapy: The oil is utilized in aromatherapy for its calming and mood-enhancing effects. It is also believed to have aphrodisiac properties.
Cosmetics: This variety's essential oil is included in cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, and hair care items for its fragrance and potential skin benefits.
Ornamental: The large, attractive leaves make it a popular choice for landscaping and garden design in tropical regions.

Applications:

Perfumery: Incorporated into fragrances and scented products for its distinctive floral scent.
Aromatherapy: Used in essential oil blends and diffusers to promote relaxation and well-being.
Cosmetics: Added to skincare and hair care products for its fragrance and possible benefits.
Ornamental: Planted in tropical gardens and landscapes for its aesthetic value and large foliage.

Environmental and Safety Considerations:

Environmental Impact: Cultivation of Cananga odorata var. macrophylla should be managed responsibly to avoid ecological disruption, especially in tropical areas where it is grown.
Safety: As with other essential oils, use with caution is advised. Direct application of undiluted oil can cause skin irritation. Always follow product guidelines and perform a patch test before widespread use. Consult with a healthcare professional before using the oil for therapeutic purposes, particularly if pregnant or sensitive to essential oils.

INCI:


Perfuming. Unlike fragrance, which can also contain slightly less pleasant or characteristic odours, the term perfume indicates only very pleasant fragrances. Used for perfumes and aromatic raw materials.
Synonyms:

CAS: 93686-30-7 EC number 297-681-1