Description

Argania spinosa callus extract is the product obtained by conventional extraction methods, which can be: solid-liquid extraction with continuous reflux, which is carried out in a Soxhlet extractor, maceration with movement, percolation, re-percolation, diacolation.

Substances contained
Tocopherols, oleic acid, campesterol, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, myristic acid, ferulic acid, triterpenoids, saponins. Of these components, many exert antioxidant activity.

Safety
Ingredient considered safe.

What it is used for and where
Argania spinosa L.Skeels, is a large tree native to south-western Morocco, belonging to the Sapotaceae family and the genus Argania. It is usually about 8 metres high, but can reach, under favourable soil and climate conditions, 20 metres with a trunk diameter of 1 metre. The fruits are oval, the size of a walnut, green or bright yellow and are used to feed cattle, sheep and goats. In 2014, UNESCO declared this tree to be on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Not only the leaves are used for extracts, but also the root, stem, flower and fruit.

Cosmetics
Antimicrobial agent. This ingredient is able to suppress or inhibit the growth and replication of a broad spectrum of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses by making the stratum corneum temporarily bactericidal and fungicidal.

Antioxidant agent. Ingredient that counteracts oxidative stress and prevents cell damage. Free radicals, pathological inflammatory processes, reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species are responsible for the ageing process and many diseases caused by oxidation.

Hair conditioning agent. A large number of ingredients with specific purposes can co-exist in a hair shampoo: cleansers, conditioners, thickeners, mattifying agents, sequestering agents, fragrances, preservatives, special additives. However, the indispensable ingredients are the cleansers and conditioners as they are necessary and sufficient for hair cleansing and manageability. The others act as commercial and non-essential auxiliaries such as: appearance, fragrance, colouring, etc. Hair conditioning agents have the task of increasing shine, manageability and volume, and reducing static electricity, especially after treatments such as colouring, ironing, waving, drying and brushing. They are, in practice, dispersing agents that may contain cationic surfactants, thickeners, emollients, polymers. The typology of hair conditioners includes: intensive conditioners, instant conditioners, thickening conditioners, drying conditioners.

Humectant. Hygroscopic compound used to minimise water loss in the skin and to prevent it from drying out by facilitating faster and greater absorption of water into the stratum corneum of the epidermis. The epidermis is the most superficial of the three layers that make up human skin (epidermis, dermis and hypodermis) and is the layer that maintains hydration in all three layers. In turn, the epidermis is composed of five layers: horny, the most superficial, granular, spinous, shiny, and basal. Humectants have the ability to retain the water they attract from the air in the stratum corneum and have the function of moisturising the skin. They are best used before emollients, which are oil-based.

Skin protectant. It creates a protective barrier on the skin to defend it from harmful substances, irritants, allergens, pathogens that can cause various inflammatory conditions. These products can also improve the natural skin barrier and in most cases more than one is needed to achieve an effective result.
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