Polyquaternium-51 is a copolymer, the polymeric quaternary ammonium salt,
2-(N,N,N-Trimethylamino)ethyl 2-(2-methyl-2-propenoyloxy)ethyl phosphate inner salt, polymer with butyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate
It occurs as a colourless to light yellow liquid, soluble in water, insoluble in ester, hydrocarbons and ketone or in the form of a white powder.

What it is used for and where
Cosmetics
Film-forming agent. It produces a continuous ultra-thin film with an optimal balance of cohesion, adhesion and stickiness on the skin or hair to counteract or limit damage from external phenomena such as chemicals, UV rays and pollution.
Skin conditioning agent - Miscellaneous. This ingredient has the task of modifying the condition of the skin when it is damaged or dry by reducing its flakiness and restoring its elasticity.
CAS: 125275-25-4